Flame-maintaining device



O. KRAUS.

FLAME MAINTAINING DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 31,1919.

L 2 H 16 J w W 40 H N H N 211 1:: 1 :r: T:

Patented Oct INVENTOR lIrlllllLn ATTORNEY UNITED- STATES FATENT} OFFICE. V

OTTO KRA'U S, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., .ASSIGNOR TO KRAUS ENGINE COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

FLAME MAINTAINING DEVICE.

1,392,948. 7 Original application filedillarc h 19,

'following is a specification, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to improvements in flame-maintaining contrivances for use in combustion-chambers of I furnaces wherein hydrocarbon oil is burned and the products of combustion'are mingledwithwater vaporor steam. to form a'working fluid for motors. Such contrivanceslhavealso been called reignition devices. An object of this inventionis to provide a contrivance of the V kind just mentioned which will be simple in manufacture, and which will prove efli'cien't' anddurable in operation and use,and low at all times.

"chamber 0 of the furnace A (Figs. land 2) construction, and comparatively cheap in incost of first installation and of repairs.

In the drawings illustrating the principle of this invention and the best mode now known to me of applying that: principle, .Figure l is a central, longitudinal section of a furnace equipped with the lame-maintaining apparatus; Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2 2 pfFig.1;.Fig. 3 is a section on the line 33ofFig. 1; Fig. e is a view similar 7 to Fig. 3 and shows a modified form of the reignition device and Figs. 5 and 6 are second modified form. J

Compressed air flows through the conduit a, past the valve 6, and into the 'oom'bustlonfront and side elevations, respectively,o f a Some of the compressed'air flows from the conduit a through the air-passage (Z into the annular chamber e that surrounds the casing.

f of the needle-valve g. 7' Through the'airpassage h the annular chamber 0 communicateswiththe air-sp'aceh above the level of the liquid hydrocarbon i in the oil-tank 7', whereby the oil 2' is subjected to the pressure of the compressed air and isthereby forced upwardly through the pipe lc'and past the needle-valve g. The oil meets a stream of compressed air flowing through the inclined air-passage m from the annular chamber 6 and issues from the orifice a in the -form of a spray, as is indicated in Fig. Surrounding the orifice n is a mouthp ece 0, 1n the discharge end of which, near its top, there i is mounted an electric igniter p. .Air flow I ng past'th'e valve 6 escapes through the nar-- row interval 0 that separates the edge of the discharge end of the mouthpiece 0 from the inner wall of the combustion-chamberc,

and there results a mingling of the air with the stream of atomized hydrocarbon to form a combustible mixture, which is ignited by thehotfilamentof the electric ignlter 79.

Beyond the mouthpiece 0, there is mounted, in the combustion-chamber c, the flamegrating consisting of a series of straight "bars 1" that are held spaced apart by means of bars 1 of wavy or serpentine form (Fig.

The burning 'oil flows 3 and Fig. through the openings 1 in the grating g, wh ch thus becomes heated to a high tempera'ture' Should the flame-from the oil die.

down or become extinguished, the great heat from the grating q would serve to reignlte the oil, so that the flame is maintained of acircularly-arranged series of bars t" that project radially inwardly and are sep- "maintaining contrivance, g in the form of a D In the modified form shown 7 'in F1g. l, the reignition device 25 consists spaces at between the radial inwardly-exjtendin'g bars 6, t", whereby these bars are raised to and maintained at a high temperature, and impart some of their'heat ,to the gases, should the temperature of the latter fall, at any instant, below that of the bars themselves.

Fig. 5 illustrates in front elevation and F ig; "6 in side elevation a second modified form of flame-maintaining contrivance, which consists of a series of concentric short cylinders 0' which are held'in-spaced relation to oneanother by means of diametrically-extending bars 4), which run at right angles to each other and one of which is disposed in front. of thejothen- The 'burning gases traverse the spaces v" by which the rings 02 are separated and the same store up heat, which is later given off again, whenever the temperature of the gases tends to fall substantially below that of the concentrio cylinders 41, so that there is a constant interchange of heat energy between them and the hot gases flowing therethrough.

Thus the gases are kept burning.

In the 'front wall A of the furnace A, there are formed Water-chambers w the water in which absorbs the heat from, and thereby keeps cool, the walls bathed by it; To these water-chambers w, water that has, in any suitable manner (6. 9., by being exposed to hot exhaust gases from an engine), been preheated but is yet comparatively cool, is led through'the water-pipe w and Water-v passage to. From these water chambers w, the water fiows'to the water-jacket space 0 between the walls of the combustion chamber 0 of the furnace A. In the rear wall A of the latter, there is formed an L-shaped water-passage :0 the front end of which communicates with the water-jacket space 0 and the other end of which communicates with the upper end of a waterpipe c that is mounted in a flue z, which is vertically disposed and into and through which pass the products of combustiomafter the same have gone through the reignition grating q. The lower end of the flue ,2 passes through an opening a formed in the top of a box or drum 2 that is set in the bottom of thegenerator-chamber 3. 'From the bottom of the drum 2, there projects a nipple or boss 4 formed with an inlet waterpassage 4 and with lateral discharge or outlet passages 4". Into the inlet end of the passage 4, there its the lower end of the water-pipe y. In the steam-generator chamber 3, there are hung chains 5 the links of' which present an extensive surface. The

upper part of the side-wall of the drum 2 is formed with outlet-openings 2 and its lower edge is formed with cuts 2 to permit the passage upwardly of the water issuing from the outlet-passages 4". The products of combustion rush from the drum 2through the outlets 2 and take, up some of the water that has flowed through thewaterpipe y into the bottom of the steam-generator chamber 8. In flowing upwardly to the outlet opening 3 of the generator-chamber 3, the stream of heated gases with its en trained moisture contacts with the extensive surface of thelinks 5 and there results an interchange of heat between the hot gases and the moisture, resulting in the conversion of the moisture into steam. The lower end of the generator-chamber 3 is formed with a boss 3 through which extends a passage 3 that lies in prolongation, practically speaking, of the passage 4; and is closed at its discharge end by means of a drain-cock 6. To the boss 3", there is fas- I claim:

'tened a starting-cup 7, which is lined, at

scribed as follows: The pressure of the air in the air-space h of the oil reservoir' j v forces the oil i'therein to flow upwardly through the pipe lc andpast the needlevalve '9, whereupon the stream of oil is struck by the stream of'air flowing through the air-passage m and is thereby atomized and issues as a spray from the dlscharge i onfice 'n of the atomizer a.

Air flowing past the spring-controlled Valve 6 into the combustion-chamber c, escapes through the interval 0 between the outer edge of the mouthpiece and the inner wall'of the combustion-chambers, and mingles with the oil-spray flowing "through the mouthpiece 0,, whereby there is formed a combustible mixture of oil-and air, This mixture is ignited by the hot filamentof an electric igniter' 'p. The burning gases rush rearwardly through the combustion-chamber a. and, in their course, pass'ov'er the barsr, 1-, of'the flamemaintaining contrivance g, which thereby becomes highly heated. Should the flame from the burning mixture of oil and air die out momentarily, combustion ofthe mixture would be revived bytheheat fromthe grid'g. 7 o

This application is filed as a divisional application under my pending application,

Serial No. 223,264,'filed March 19,1918.

An oil-burning furnace provided with a re-ignition device that fits "closely to the walls thereof and that is in the form of a grating having a central opening for the passage of the heated products of combustion and provided'with a series of spaced,

at varying distances from the central opening, whereby allportions of the stream of combustion products are exposed to themtion of said elements.

ence of the two undersigned witnesses.

Witnesses:

G. H. Lrrrmoor'r, A. MuNDELsoHN.

orro KRAUs;

v substantially ring-shaped elements arranged 

